Gambling terms, explained straight

Odds, Probability & Bankroll

Kelly criterion blackjack

In blackjack, the Kelly criterion is a bet-sizing rule for card counters: wager the fraction of your bankroll that matches your current edge, aiming to maximise long-run logarithmic wealth growth.

Formula (simple even-money)
Edge = 2p − 1 (where p is win probability); optimal wager is edge times bankroll.3
Example
A 60% win rate at even payout gives a 20% edge, so Kelly says bet 20% of bankroll.4
When edge ≤ 0
The rule says to bet nothing – it only applies to positive-expectation situations.2

Key points

  • The Kelly fraction changes dynamically as the counter’s estimated edge shifts from hand to hand.1
  • It maximises the long-run geometric growth rate of bankroll, not short-term profit per hand.6
  • For a bet that pays b-to-1, the formula is f* = p − q/b = (p(1+b)−1)/b.5

Where this term is used

Sources

  1. The Kelly Criterion wizardofodds.com Provides the core definition, simple even-money formula, and minimisation of bets to double bankroll.
  2. Card counting en.wikipedia.org Establishes the connection to card counting and the zero-bet rule for negative edge.
  3. A Quantum Double-or-Nothing Game: An Application of ... - PMC pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Supplies the even-money formula 2p−1.
  4. arXiv:1503.06535v2 [math.OC] 1 Aug 2017 arxiv.org Gives the concrete example of 20% bankroll for a 60% win probability.
  5. Kelly criterion for variable pay-off arxiv.org Provides the general b-to-1 formula f* = p − q/b.
  6. Kelly criterion en.wikipedia.org Confirms the goal of maximising long-run geometric growth.

Sources are drawn from regulators, universities and published research, and each one is labelled with what it actually is — a preprint is not called a paper. Bookmaker and affiliate pages are never cited here, because a page that sells betting is not a neutral authority on it.