Gambling terms, explained straight

Responsible Gambling & Harm

Addiction and gambling

Addiction and gambling is a behavioural condition in which a person repeatedly gambles despite serious harm to their health, money, or personal life.

Also called
Problem gambling, gambling disorder, compulsive gambling1
Diagnostic criteria (DSM-5)
Gambling disorder requires 4 or more of 9 symptoms within 12 months5
Core features
Loss of control, priority given to gambling, and continuation despite negative consequences23

Key points

  • It is a recognised behavioural addiction, not a lack of willpower, and can disrupt family, work, and personal life.48
  • Symptoms include preoccupation, tolerance, unsuccessful attempts to stop, restlessness when stopping, chasing losses, and relying on others for money.67
  • The term covers repetitive, compulsive gambling across all contexts, from casino games to sports betting.39
  • Gambling addiction is distinct from occasional gambling: the act of gambling itself is not harmful, but addiction involves harmful, compulsive involvement.39

DSM-5 symptoms of gambling disorder

A diagnosis requires 4 or more of these 9 symptoms within 12 months.5
Symptom Description
PreoccupationFrequent thoughts about gambling or planning the next session
ToleranceNeeding to gamble with larger amounts to feel the same excitement
Loss of controlUnsuccessful attempts to cut back or stop gambling
WithdrawalRestlessness or irritability when trying to stop
EscapeGambling to relieve distress or escape problems
Chasing lossesReturning to gambling to win back lost money
LyingLying to hide the extent of gambling involvement
Risking relationshipsJeopardising a job, relationship, or education because of gambling
BailoutRelying on others for money to relieve gambling debts

Getting help for gambling addiction

If you or someone you know is struggling with gambling addiction, free and confidential support is available. In the UK, the National Gambling Helpline is open 24/7 on 0808 8020 133. Other organisations such as GamCare, BeGambleAware, and the NHS offer online chat, self-help tools, and counselling services. Help is also available through local NHS gambling clinics and the charity Gamblers Anonymous.

Common questions

What is gambling disorder?

Gambling disorder is the clinical name for gambling addiction, listed in the DSM-5 as a behavioural addiction. It is diagnosed when a person meets 4 or more of 9 specific symptoms within 12 months, such as loss of control, chasing losses, and lying about gambling.5

What is the gambling addiction hotline number?

The National Gambling Helpline in the UK is 0808 8020 133, available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. It is free, confidential, and provides support for anyone affected by gambling, including friends and family.

Where this term is used

Not the same as

  • Gambling addiction signs — signs are symptoms or indicators of the condition, whereas addiction and gambling is the condition itself

Sources

  1. FAQs: What is Problem Gambling? ncpgambling.org Provides the definition and alternative names for problem gambling.
  2. Gambling disorder rcpsych.ac.uk Defines gambling disorder and its core features of loss of control and continuation despite harm.
  3. Gambling who.int Defines addiction and gambling as a behavioural addiction with harmful consequences.
  4. Problem gambling, gambling disorder and addiction ucl.ac.uk Lists the alternative names for gambling addiction.
  5. A review of gambling disorder and substance use disorders pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Provides the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria requiring 4 of 9 symptoms within 12 months.
  6. Gambling Disorder and Other Behavioral Addictions - PMC - NIH pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Lists the detailed symptoms of gambling disorder such as preoccupation, tolerance, and chasing losses.
  7. Gambling Concepts and Nomenclature - NCBI - NIH ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Describes the features and nomenclature of gambling addiction.
  8. The Psychology of Addictive Behaviour - NTU > IRep irep.ntu.ac.uk Explains how addiction disrupts family, work, and personal life.
  9. Disordered gambling: the evolving concept of behavioral addiction pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Distinguishes gambling addiction from general gambling as a harmful, compulsive behaviour.

Sources are drawn from regulators, universities and published research, and each one is labelled with what it actually is — a preprint is not called a paper. Bookmaker and affiliate pages are never cited here, because a page that sells betting is not a neutral authority on it.