Gambling terms, explained straight

Slots & Gaming Machines

Slot machine payouts

Slot machine payouts, or return-to-player (RTP), are the average percentage of all staked money a machine returns as prizes over a very large number of spins.

Also called
Return to player (RTP), % RTP1
Nevada minimum
Slots must theoretically pay at least 75%3
UK regulation
Non-remote gaming machines must display the proportion returned under section 240 of the Gambling Act2

Key points

  • RTP is an average over many plays, not a per-spin guarantee — a machine with 85% RTP will not return 85p per £1 in a single session1.
  • Each spin is random and independent; the payout is set by the machine's programmed probabilities and prize schedule1.

Common questions

Can casinos control slot machine payouts?

Casinos set the programmed RTP of a machine, but each spin's outcome is random and independent. The actual payout over a session can differ from the theoretical percentage.1

How to calculate slot machine payouts?

Multiply each winning combination's probability by its payout, sum all results, and divide by the total stake per spin. For example, a traditional three-reel machine might yield a theoretical return of 94.545%.4

Where this term is used

Not the same as

  • Slot machine — the physical or digital device, not the measure of its returns

Sources

  1. Return to player - how much gaming machines payout gamblingcommission.gov.uk Defines RTP as average proportion of stakes returned and explains it is not a per-spin guarantee.
  2. How can gaming machines meet their %RTP if they are ... gamblingcommission.gov.uk Explains how machines meet %RTP and the display requirement under section 240.
  3. Slots - Payback Percentages wizardofodds.com States Nevada slots minimum theoretical payback of 75%.
  4. How to Calculate the Return for a Slot Machine - Wizard of Odds wizardofodds.com Provides example calculation of 94.545% theoretical return for a three-reel machine.

Sources are drawn from regulators, universities and published research, and each one is labelled with what it actually is — a preprint is not called a paper. Bookmaker and affiliate pages are never cited here, because a page that sells betting is not a neutral authority on it.